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How Many Secret Service Agents For Ex Presidents

Written By Friday, May 20, 2022 Add Comment Edit

Federal Us police enforcement bureau

Usa Secret Service
Logo of the United States Secret Service.svg

U.Due south Secret Service emblem
Badge of the United States Secret Service.png

Secret Service special agent badge
Flag of the United States Secret Service.svg

U.S. Secret Service flag
Common proper noun Secret Service
Abbreviation USSS
Agency overview
Formed July 5, 1865; 156 years agone  (1865-07-05)
Employees 7,000+ (2019)[1]
Annual upkeep $two.23 billion (2019)[one]
Operational construction
Headquarters Washington, D.C., U.South.
Agency executives
  • James Thousand. Murray, Managing director[2]
  • Faron Grand. Paramore, Deputy Director
Parent agency U.S. Section of Homeland Security (2003–present)
U.S. Department of the Treasury (1865–2003)
Facilities
Field and resident offices 116
Overseas offices twenty
Website
www.secretservice.gov

The United States Secret Service (USSS or Secret Service) is a federal law enforcement agency under the Department of Homeland Security charged with conducting criminal investigations and protecting U.South. political leaders, their families, and visiting heads of state or regime.[three] Until 2003, the Secret Service was part of the Department of the Treasury, equally the agency was founded in 1865 to combat the then-widespread counterfeiting of U.S. currency.[four]

Primary missions [edit]

The Clandestine Service is mandated by Congress with 2 singled-out and critical national security missions: protecting the nation's leaders and safeguarding the financial and critical infrastructure of the The states.

Protective mission [edit]

The Clandestine Service ensures the safety of the president of the United States, the vice president of the United States, the president-elect of the United States, the vice president-elect of the United States, and their immediate families; one-time presidents, their spouses and their minor children under the age of 16; major presidential and vice-presidential candidates and their spouses; and visiting foreign heads of state and heads of regime. By custom, information technology also provides protection to the secretarial assistant of the treasury and secretary of homeland security, as well every bit other persons as directed by the president (usually the White Firm principal of staff and national security advisor, among others). By federal statute, the president and vice-president may not reject this protection.[5] The Cloak-and-dagger Service also provides physical security for the White House Complex; the neighboring Treasury Department building; the vice president's residence; the principal private residences of the president, vice president and former presidents; and all foreign diplomatic missions in Washington, D.C. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local police enforcement, protective advances to comport site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the atomic number 82 agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSE). As part of the service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous accelerate piece of work and threat assessments adult by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.[6]

Investigative mission [edit]

The Surreptitious Service safeguards the payment and financial systems of the United States from a wide range of financial and cyber-based crimes. Financial investigations include counterfeit U.South. currency, bank and financial institution fraud, post fraud, wire fraud, illicit financing operations, and major conspiracies. Cyber investigations include cybercrime, network intrusions, identity theft, admission device fraud, credit card fraud, and intellectual belongings crimes. The Secret Service is besides a fellow member of the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) which investigates and combats terrorism on a national and international scale. Besides, the Secret Service investigates missing and exploited children and is a partner of the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC).[7]

The Secret Service's initial responsibleness was to investigate the counterfeiting of U.S. currency, which was rampant following the American Civil War. The agency then evolved into the United States' first domestic intelligence and counterintelligence bureau. Many of the agency'southward missions were later on taken over by subsequent agencies such every bit the Federal Agency of Investigation (FBI), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF), and IRS Criminal Investigation Sectionalisation (IRS-CI).

Dual objective [edit]

Surreptitious Service agents conducting electronic investigations

The Underground Service combines the two responsibilities into a unique dual objective. The 2 core missions of protection and investigation synergize with the other, providing crucial benefits to special agents during the course of their careers. Skills developed during the course of investigations which are also used in an agent's protective duties include simply are not limited to:

  • Partnerships that are created betwixt field offices and local law enforcement during the course of investigations being used to get together both protective intelligence and in coordinating protection events.
  • Tactical operation (e.one thousand. surveillance, arrests, and search warrants) and law enforcement writing (e.one thousand. affidavits, after action reports, and operations plans) skills being applied to both investigative and protective duties.
  • Proficiency in analyzing handwriting and forgery techniques existence applied in protective investigations of handwritten messages and suspicious package threats.
  • Expertise in investigating electronic and financial crimes being practical in protective investigations of threats fabricated against the nation's leaders on the Internet.

Protection of the nation'due south highest elected leaders and other regime officials is 1 of the primary missions of the Secret Service. After the 1901 assassination of President William McKinley, Congress also directed the Secret Service to protect the president of the U.s.. The Secret Service investigates thousands of incidents each twelvemonth of individuals threatening the president of the United States.

The Secret Service is authorized past xviii U.s.C. § 3056(a) to protect:[8]

  • The president, vice president (or the next individual in the order of succession, should the vice presidency be vacant), president-elect and vice president-elect
  • The immediate families of the above individuals
  • Former presidents and their spouses for their lifetimes, except if the spouse remarries
  • Children of sometime presidents under the age of 16
  • Visiting heads of land or authorities and their spouses traveling with them
  • Other distinguished foreign visitors to the Us and official representatives of the United States performing special missions abroad, when the president directs protection be provided
  • Major presidential and vice presidential candidates and, inside 120 days of a full general presidential ballot, their spouses
  • Former vice presidents, their spouses, and their children under sixteen years of age, for upwardly to 6 months from the date the quondam vice president leaves office (the Secretarial assistant of Homeland Security can qualify temporary protection of these individuals at any time afterward that period)

In addition to the higher up, the Hush-hush Service can also protect other individuals by executive gild of the president.[ix] Under Presidential Policy Directive 22, "National Special Security Events", the Hole-and-corner Service is the pb agency for the design and implementation of operational security plans for events designated a NSSE by the secretary of homeland security.

Sign at the Obama family dwelling in 2021 stating the area is protected past the Cloak-and-dagger Service

In that location have been changes to the protection of former presidents over time. Under the original Old Presidents Act, onetime presidents and their spouses were entitled to lifetime protection, field of study to express exceptions. In 1994, this was amended to reduce the protection menses to 10 years after a erstwhile president left office, starting with presidents bold the office subsequently Jan one, 1997. On January x, 2013, President Barack Obama signed legislation reversing this limit and reinstating lifetime protection to all sometime presidents.[ten] This change impacted Presidents Obama and M.W. Bush, besides as all future presidents.[11]

Protection of government officials is non solely the responsibility of the Secret Service, with many other agencies, such equally the United States Capitol Police, Supreme Court Constabulary and Diplomatic Security Service, providing personal protective services to domestic and foreign officials. Notwithstanding, while these agencies are nominally responsible for services to other officers of the United States and senior dignitaries, the Cloak-and-dagger Service provides protective services at the highest-level – i.e. for heads of state and heads of government.

The Cloak-and-dagger Service'south other primary mission is investigative; to protect the payment and fiscal systems of the Usa from a broad range of financial and electronic-based crimes including counterfeit U.South. currency, bank and financial establishment fraud, illicit financing operations, cybercrime, identity theft, intellectual property crimes, and any other violations that may bear on the U.s.a. economy and fiscal systems. The bureau'south key focus is on large, high-dollar economic impact cases involving organized criminal groups. Fiscal criminals include embezzling bank employees, armed robbers at automated teller machines, heroin traffickers, and criminal organizations that commit depository financial institution fraud on a global scale.

The USSS plays a leading role in facilitating relationships between other constabulary enforcement entities, the private sector, and academia. The service maintains the Electronic Crimes Job Forces, which focus on identifying and locating international cyber criminals connected to cyber intrusions, bank fraud, data breaches, and other computer-related crimes. Additionally, the Secret Service runs the National Computer Forensics Found (NCFI), which provides law enforcement officers, prosecutors, and judges with cyber training and information to combat cybercrime.

In the face of budget pressure, hiring challenges and some high-profile lapses in its protective service office in 2014, the Brookings Establishment and some members of Congress are asking whether the bureau'south focus should shift more to the protective mission, leaving more of its original mission to other agencies.[12] [xiii]

History [edit]

Early years [edit]

Logo of the United States Hole-and-corner Service

With a reported 1 third of the currency in circulation beingness counterfeit at the fourth dimension,[14] Abraham Lincoln established a commission to make recommendations to remedy the problem. The Clandestine Service was later established on July 5, 1865 in Washington, D.C., to suppress counterfeit currency. Chief William P. Woods was sworn in by Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch. It was commissioned in Washington, D.C. as the "Secret Service Division" of the Department of the Treasury with the mission of suppressing counterfeiting. At the time, the but other federal police enforcement agencies were the United States Customs Service, the United States Park Police, the U.Southward. Post Function Department'south Office of Instructions and Postal service Depredations (now known equally the United States Postal Inspection Service), and the Us Marshals Service. The Marshals did not have the manpower to investigate all offense nether federal jurisdiction, so the Hush-hush Service began investigating a wide range of crimes from murder to banking company robbery to illegal gambling.

After the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901, Congress informally requested that the Secret Service provide presidential protection. A year later, the Secret Service assumed total-time responsibility for presidential protection. In 1902, William Craig became the first Undercover Service agent to dice while on duty, in a road accident while riding in the presidential wagon.[15]

The Secret Service was the first U.South. domestic intelligence and counterintelligence agency. Domestic intelligence drove and counterintelligence responsibilities were subsequently vested in the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) upon the FBI's creation in 1908.

20th century [edit]

Taft Mexican Summit (1909) [edit]

In 1909, President William H. Taft agreed to meet with Mexican president Porfirio Díaz in El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, the commencement meeting between a U.S. and a Mexican president and too the showtime time an American president visited Mexico.[16] But the historic summit resulted in serious assassination threats and other security concerns for the so modest Secret Service, so the Texas Rangers, four,000 U.S. and Mexican troops, BOI agents, U.S. Marshals, and an additional 250-man individual security detail led by Frederick Russell Burnham, the celebrated scout, were all called in by Chief John Wilkie to provide added security.[17] [eighteen] On Oct sixteen, the 24-hour interval of the summit, Burnham discovered a man holding a concealed palm pistol standing at the El Paso Bedroom of Commerce edifice forth the procession route.[19] The man was captured and disarmed just a few feet from Díaz and Taft.[20]

1940s [edit]

The Hugger-mugger Service assisted in arresting Japanese American leaders and in the Japanese American internment during World State of war II.[21]

1950s [edit]

In 1950, President Harry S. Truman was residing in Blair House while the White Firm, across the street, was undergoing renovations. On November i, 1950, two Puerto Rican nationalists, Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola, approached Blair House with the intent to assassinate President Truman. Collazo and Torresola opened fire on Private Leslie Coffelt and other White House Constabulary officers. Though mortally wounded by 3 shots from a 9 mm High german Luger to his chest and belly, Private Coffelt returned fire, killing Torresola with a single shot to his head. Collazo was also shot, but survived his injuries and served 29 years in prison before returning to Puerto Rico in late 1979.[ citation needed ] Coffelt is the just fellow member of the Clandestine Service killed while protecting a United states president confronting an assassination endeavor (Special Agent Tim McCarthy stepped in front of President Ronald Reagan during the assassination attempt of March 30, 1981, and took a bullet to the breast but made a full recovery[22]).

1960s [edit]

In 1968, as a result of Robert F. Kennedy'south assassination, Congress authorized protection of major presidential and vice presidential candidates and nominees.[23] In 1965 and 1968, Congress also authorized lifetime protection of the spouses of deceased presidents unless they remarry and of the children of former presidents until historic period 16.[24]

1980s [edit]

Secret Service analyst examining apocryphal documents

In 1984, the US Congress passed the Comprehensive Crime Control Deed, which extended the Secret Service'southward jurisdiction over credit card fraud and computer fraud.[25]

1990s [edit]

In 1990, the Hugger-mugger Service initiated Operation Sundevil, which they originally intended as a sting against malicious hackers, allegedly responsible for disrupting phone services across the entire United states of america. The operation, which was later described past Bruce Sterling in his book The Hacker Crackdown, affected a great number of people unrelated to hacking, and led to no convictions. The Secret Service, all the same, was sued and required to pay damages.[ citation needed ] On March i, 1990, the Secret Service served a search warrant on Steve Jackson Games, a small company in Austin, Texas, seizing iii computers and over 300 floppy disks. In the subsequent lawsuit, the judge reprimanded the Secret Service, calling their warrant preparation "sloppy."[26]

In 1994 and 1995, it ran an undercover sting called Operation Cybersnare.[27] The Secret Service has concurrent jurisdiction with the FBI over certain violations of federal computer criminal offense laws. They accept created 24 Electronic Crimes Chore Forces (ECTFs) across the United States. These job forces are partnerships between the service, federal/state and local law enforcement, the private sector and academia aimed at combating technology-based crimes.[ citation needed ]

In 1998, President Neb Clinton signed Presidential Conclusion Directive 62, which established National Special Security Events (NSSE). That directive fabricated the Secret Service responsible for security at designated events. In 1999, the U.s.a. Hugger-mugger Service Memorial Building was dedicated in DC, granting the agency its first headquarters. Prior to this, the bureau's different departments were based in part infinite effectually the DC expanse.[28]

21st century [edit]

2000s [edit]

September eleven attacks [edit]

The New York Urban center Field office was located at vii Globe Trade Middle. Immediately after the Earth Merchandise Heart was attacked as part of the September 11 attacks, Special Agents and other New York Field role employees were amidst the first to respond with first aid. Lx-vii Special Agents in New York Urban center, at and about the New York Field Function, helped to set up triage areas and evacuate the towers. One Hugger-mugger Service employee, Chief Special Officer Craig Miller,[29] died during the rescue efforts. On August 20, 2002, Director Brian L. Stafford awarded the Managing director's Valor Award to employees who assisted in the rescue attempts.[xxx]

Domestic expansion [edit]

Secret Service Electronic Crimes Job Force (ECTF)

Secret Service Asset Forfeiture and Money Laundering Task Strength (AFMLTF)

Effective March 1, 2003, the Secret Service transferred from the Treasury to the newly established Department of Homeland Security.[31]

The USA Patriot Act, signed into police by President George Due west. Bush on October 26, 2001, mandated the Secret Service to institute a nationwide network of ECTFs in improver to the 1 already active in New York. As such, this mandate expanded on the agency's first ECTF—the New York Electronic Crimes Task Force, formed in 1995—which brought together federal, state and local law enforcement, prosecutors, private-industry companies, and academia. These bodies collectively provide necessary support and resource to field investigations that meet whatsoever one of the following criteria: pregnant economical or community impact; participation of organized criminal groups involving multiple districts or transnational organizations; or use of schemes involving new technology.[32] [33]

The network prioritizes investigations that meet the following criteria:

  • Significant economic or community impact,
  • Participation of multiple-district or transnational organized criminal groups,
  • Utilise of new technology every bit a means to commit crime.

Investigations conducted past ECTFs include crimes such as figurer generated counterfeit currency; depository financial institution fraud; virus and worm proliferation; access device fraud; telecommunications fraud; Net threats; computer system intrusions and cyberattacks; phishing/spoofing; assist with Internet-related kid pornography and exploitation; and identity theft.[34]

International expansion [edit]

Cloak-and-dagger Service Cyber Intelligence Centre (CIS)

On July 6, 2009, the U.S. Underground Service expanded its fight on cybercrime past creating the starting time European Electronic Crime Job Force, based on the successful U.S. domestic model, through a memorandum of agreement with Italian police and postal officials. Over a year afterwards, on August 9, 2010, the bureau expanded its European involvement by creating its second overseas ECTF in the Great britain.[35] [36]

Both chore forces are said to concentrate on a wide range of "computer-based criminal activity," including:

  • Identity theft
  • Network intrusions
  • Other calculator-related crimes affecting financial and other disquisitional infrastructures.

2010s [edit]

Equally of 2010, the service had over half dozen,500 employees: three,200 Special Agents, 1,300 Uniformed Division Officers, and 2,000 technical and authoritative employees.[37] Special agents serve on protective details and investigate financial, cyber, and homeland security-related crimes.

In September 2014, the U.s.a. Surreptitious Service came nether criticism following ii high-profile incidents involving intruders at the White House. One such intruder entered the East Room of the White House through an unlocked door.[38]

2020s [edit]

On April xv, 2020, the Ice Homeland Security Investigations unit[39] launched "Functioning Stolen Promise" that targets COVID-xix related fraud. The operation conscripted resource from various branches of law enforcement and the government, including the U.S. Secret Service.[40] Virtually $2 trillion in the relief package known equally the CARES Act were earmarked by police force in March 2020, bringing unemployment benefits and loans to millions of Americans. Still, equally Clandestine Service spokesmen subsequently pointed out, the Act too opened upwards opportunities for criminals to fraudulently employ for aid. By the end of 2021, nearly two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, the Surreptitious Service had seized more than $1.2 billion in relief funds appropriated by fraudsters.[41]

A day before the 2021 The states Capitol attack on Jan 6, 2021, the Secret Service warned Capitol Police of threats of violence that Capitol Police officers could face violence at the easily of supporters of President Donald Trump.[42] On January half dozen, Secret Service agents provided security in and effectually the United States Capitol, as well every bit evacuating Vice President Mike Pence during the riot.[43]

The Secret Service assisted in the seizure of data leak forum RaidForums in 2022. [44]

Attacks on presidents [edit]

Since the 1960s, presidents John F. Kennedy (killed), Gerald Ford (twice attacked, simply uninjured) and Ronald Reagan (seriously wounded) have been attacked while appearing in public.[45] [46] Agents on scene, though not injured, during attacks on presidents include William Greer and Roy Kellerman. One of the agents was Robert DeProspero, the Special Agent In Accuse (SAIC) of Reagan's Presidential Protective Sectionalization (PPD) from January 1982 to Apr 1985. DeProspero was deputy to Jerry Parr, the SAIC of PPD during the Reagan bump-off attempt on March xxx, 1981.[47] [48]

The Kennedy assassination spotlighted the bravery of two Undercover Service agents. Beginning, an agent protecting Mrs. Kennedy, Clint Hill, was riding in the car directly behind the presidential limousine when the attack began. While the shooting continued, Loma leaped from the running board of the motorcar he was riding on and jumped onto the back of the president's moving car and guided Mrs. Kennedy from the torso back into the rear seat of the car. He then shielded the president and the first lady with his trunk until the car arrived at the hospital.

Rufus Youngblood was riding in the vice-presidential car. When the shots were fired, he vaulted over the forepart seat and threw his body over Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson.[49] That evening, Johnson called Secret Service Principal James J. Rowley and cited Youngblood'southward bravery.[fifty] [51] Youngblood would later think some of this in his memoir, Twenty Years in the Secret Service.

The period following the Kennedy assassination was the most difficult in the modern history of the agency. Press reports indicated that morale amid the agents was "low" for months following the assassination.[52] [53] The agency overhauled its procedures in the wake of the Kennedy killing. Training, which until that time had been confined largely to "on-the-job" efforts, was systematized and regularized.

The Reagan assassination attempt also involved several Secret Service agents, particularly agent Tim McCarthy, who spread his stance to protect Reagan every bit 6 bullets were being fired by the would-be assassin, John Hinckley Jr.[54] McCarthy survived a .22-caliber round in the abdomen. For his bravery, McCarthy received the NCAA Accolade of Valor in 1982.[55] Jerry Parr, the agent who pushed President Reagan into the limousine, and made the critical decision to divert the presidential motorcade to George Washington University Hospital instead of returning to the White Firm, was besides honored with U.S. Congress commendations for his deportment that day.[56]

Significant investigations [edit]

Arrest and indictment of Max Ray Butler, co-founder of the Carders Market carding website. Butler was indicted by a federal grand jury in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, after his September 5, 2007 arrest, on wire fraud and identity theft charges. Co-ordinate to the indictment, Butler hacked over the Internet into computers at fiscal institutions and credit card processing centers and sold the tens of thousands of credit card numbers that he acquired in the process.[57]

Operation Firewall: In October 2004, 28 suspects—located across viii U.S. states and 6 countries—were arrested on charges of identity theft, computer fraud, credit-card fraud, and conspiracy. Nearly 30 national and foreign field offices of the U.S. Secret Service, including the newly established national ECTFs, and countless local enforcement agencies from around the world, were involved in this operation. Collectively, the arrested suspects trafficked in at to the lowest degree 1.7 million stolen credit card numbers, which amounted to $four.3 million of losses to financial institutions. However, authorities estimated that prevented loss to the manufacture was in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The performance, which started in July 2003 and lasted for more than a yr, led investigators to identify three cybercriminal groups: Shadowcrew, Carderplanet, and Darkprofits.[58]

Arrest and indictment of Albert Gonzalez and 11 individuals; 3 U.Southward. citizens, one from Estonia, 3 from Ukraine, two from the People'due south Republic of China, one from Belarus, and one known only by an online alias. They were arrested on August 5, 2008, for the theft and sale of more 40 million credit and debit card numbers from major U.S. retailers, including TJX Companies, BJ'southward Wholesale Club, OfficeMax, Boston Market place, Barnes & Noble, Sports Dominance, Forever 21, and DSW. Gonzalez, the main organizer of the scheme, was charged with computer fraud, wire fraud, access device fraud, aggravated identity theft, and conspiracy for his leading role in the crime.[59]

Personnel [edit]

Secret Service agents protecting President Obama and Offset Lady Michelle Obama

Special Agent [edit]

Secret Service agents executing a protective operation

The Hush-hush Service special amanuensis position is highly competitive. In 2011, the service accepted less than 1% of its xv,600 special agent applicants.[60]

At a minimum, a prospective agent must exist a U.Southward. citizen, possess a current valid driver's license, be in excellent wellness and physical condition, possess visual acuity no worse than 20/100 uncorrected or correctable to twenty/20 in each middle, and be between age 21–37 at the time of appointment,[61] merely eligible veterans may utilise past age 37. In 2009, the Function of Personnel Management issued implementation guidance on the Isabella v. Section of State court conclusion: OPM Letter.[62]

Prospective agents must also qualify for a TS/SCI (Top Secret / Sensitive Compartmented Data) clearance, and undergo an extensive background investigation, to include in-depth interviews, drug screening, medical diagnosis, and total-scope polygraph examination.[61]

Underground Service agent trainees at the James J. Rowley Training Center (RTC)

Special agents receive training in ii locations, totaling approximately 31 weeks. The kickoff phase, the Criminal Investigator Preparation Program (CITP) is conducted at the U.Due south. Department of Homeland Security'south Federal Police Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC) in Glynco, Georgia, lasting approximately 13 weeks. The second phase, the Special Agent Training Course (SATC) is conducted at the Secret Service Academy, James J. Rowley Training Eye (JJRTC), just exterior Washington, D.C. in Laurel, Maryland, lasting approximately xviii weeks.[63]

Surreptitious Service amanuensis trainees practise executing a search warrant.

A typical special amanuensis career path, depending upon functioning and promotions that bear upon individual assignments, begins with the first 6 to eight years on the job assigned to a field function. Applicants are directed to list their office location preference during the application process, and upon receiving a final job offer, unremarkably have several locations to cull from.[61] Subsequently their field function experience, agents are usually transferred to a protective assignment where they will stay for three to v years. Post-obit their protective consignment, many agents render to a field role for the rest of their careers, or opt for a headquarters based assignment located in Washington, D.C. During their careers, agents also have the opportunity to work overseas in one of the bureau's international field offices. This typically requires foreign language training to ensure linguistic communication proficiency when working aslope the agency'southward foreign law enforcement counterparts.[61]

Special agents are hired at the GL-07, GL-09, or GS-11 grade level, depending on individual qualifications and/or education.[61] Agents are eligible for promotion on a yearly footing, from GL-07, to GL-09, to GS-11, to GS-12, to GS-thirteen. The full performance form level for a journeyman field agent is GS-xiii, which a GL-07, GL-09, or GS-11 agent may reach in as niggling as four, iii, or two years respectively. GS-thirteen agents are eligible for competitive promotion to supervisory positions, which encompasses the GS-14, GS-xv, and SES grade levels. GS-13 agents who wish to remain as journeyman field agents, will continue to advance the GS-13 step level, capping at GS-thirteen Step 10.

Special agents besides receive Law Enforcement Availability Pay (Spring), a type of premium overtime pay which provides them with an additional 25% bonus pay on height of their salary, every bit agents are required to work an average workweek of fifty hours every bit opposed to 40.[64] Therefore an agent living in the Greater New York City area (NY, NJ, CT) will earn an annual salary of $73,666 (GL-07), $82,162 (GL-09), $96,201 (GS-11), $115,306 (GS-12), $137,112 (GS-13), $162,026 (GS-fourteen), and $176,300 (GS-15). Journeyman field agents at GS-13 Step 10 are also paid a salary of $176,300.[65]

Due to the nature of their work and unique amid their federal law enforcement counterparts (e.g. FBI, DEA, ATF, ICE), Secret Service agents are regularly eligible for scheduled overtime pay (in addition to LEAP), and enjoy a raised statutory pay cap of $203,700 per yr (Level II of the Executive Schedule) equally opposed to the standard pay cap of $176,300 per year (Level Iv of the Executive Schedule).[66]

Uniformed Sectionalization Officeholder [edit]

Undercover Service officer and his constabulary dog every bit part of the Emergency Response Team (ERT)

The Hush-hush Service Uniformed Division is a security constabulary similar to the U.Southward. Capitol Law or DHS Federal Protective Service and is in charge of protecting the physical White House grounds and foreign diplomatic missions in the Washington, D.C. area. Established in 1922 as the White Firm Police, this organization was fully integrated into the Secret Service in 1930. In 1970, the protection of strange diplomatic missions was added to the strength'due south responsibilities, and its name was changed to the Executive Protective Service. The proper name United States Hush-hush Service Uniformed Division was adopted in 1977.

Hole-and-corner Service Uniformed Segmentation officers provide protection for the White House Complex, the vice president'south residence, the main Treasury Building and Annex, and foreign diplomatic missions and embassies in the Washington, D.C., area. Additionally, Uniformed Division officers travel in support of presidential, vice presidential and foreign head of state government missions.[67] Officers may, as their careers progress, be selected to participate in 1 of several specialized units, including the:

  • Canine Unit: Performing security sweeps and responding to bomb threats and suspicious packages.
  • Emergency Response Team: Providing a coordinated tactical response for the White House and other protected facilities.
  • Counter-sniper Team: Utilizing ascertainment, sighting equipment and loftier-performance weapons to provide a secure environment for protectees.
  • Motorcade Support Unit: Providing motorbike tactical support for official movements of motorcades.
  • Crime Scene Search Unit: Photographing, collecting and processing physical and latent prove.
  • Role of Training: Serving as firearms and classroom instructors or recruiters.
  • Special Operations Section: Handling special duties and functions at the White Firm Complex, including conducting the daily congressional and public tours of the White House.[67]

Weapons and equipment [edit]

Two men on a roof with rifles positioned on tripods

Since the agency'southward inception, a variety of weapons have been carried by its agents.

Weapons [edit]

Agents and officers are trained on standard shoulder weapons that include the FN P90 submachine gun, the 9mm Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine gun, and the 12-gauge Remington 870 shotgun.[68]

Secret Service counter-sniper marksman on superlative of the White House's roof, armed with a sniper rifle

As a non-lethal pick, Special Agents, Special Officers, and Uniformed Division Officers are armed with the ASP xvi" expandable baton, and Uniformed Sectionalization officers as well deport pepper spray.

Special Operations Division (SOD) units are authorized to use a variety of not-standard weapons. The Counter Assail Team (Cat) and the Emergency Response Team (ERT) both employ the five.56mm Knight's Armament Visitor SR-16 CQB assault rifle in an xi.5" configuration. CAT also deploys 12 gauge Remington 870 MCS breaching shotguns. Uniform Division technicians assigned to the Counter Sniper (CS) team use custom congenital .300 Winchester Magnum-chambered bolt-action rifles referred to as JARs ("Only Another Burglarize"). These rifles are congenital with Remington 700 long actions in Accurateness International stocks and utilise Schmidt & Bough eyes. CS technicians likewise use the 7.62mm KAC SR-25/Mk11 Mod 0 semi-automated sniper rifle with a Trijicon 5.5× ACOG optic.[69]

Sidearms [edit]

The Cloak-and-dagger Service'south electric current duty sidearm, the SIG-Sauer P229 double-action/single-action pistol chambered .357 SIG, entered service in 1999. It is the issued handgun to all special agents as well as officers of the Uniformed Sectionalisation. Equally of 2019, the SIG-Sauer P229 is scheduled to exist replaced with Glock 9mm pistols.[seventy] Nigh special agents volition be issued the Glock nineteen Gen 5 MOS with forward slide serrations, Ameriglo Assuming night sights, and a Streamlight TLR-7A weapon light.[71] United states Secret Service's Special Operations will be issued the Glock 47 with Ameriglo Bold sights and a Surefire X300 Ultra weapon light.[72] [73]

Badges [edit]

  • Hole-and-corner Service bluecoat (1875–1890)

  • Hugger-mugger Service badge (1890–1971)

  • Hush-hush Service bluecoat (1971–2003)

  • Hugger-mugger Service badge (2003–present)

Attire [edit]

Secret Service agent in business suit working President Obama's protection detail

Special agents and special officers of the Secret Service wear attire that is advisable for their environs, in order to blend in as much equally possible. In most circumstances, the attire of a close protection shift is a conservative suit, merely it can range from a tuxedo to coincidental clothing equally required by the environment. Stereotypically, Secret Service agents are often portrayed wearing reflective sunglasses and a communication earpiece. Ofttimes their attire is customized to conceal the broad array of equipment worn in service. Agents clothing a distinctive lapel pin that identifies them to other agents.[74]

The attire for Uniformed Division Officers includes standard police uniforms or utility uniforms and ballistic/identification vests for members of the counter-sniper squad, Emergency Response Squad (ERT), and canine officers. The shoulder patch of the Uniformed Segmentation consists of the U.S. coat of arms on white or blackness, depending on the garment. Too, the shoulder patch is embroidered with "U.Due south. Hush-hush Service Uniformed Division Police" around the emblem.[75]

Vehicles [edit]

An Allegheny County Police officeholder and his working dog screening a Us Underground Service vehicle for explosives.

When transporting the president in a motorcade, the Surreptitious Service uses a fleet of custom-built armored Cadillac Limousines, the newest and largest version of which is known as "The Creature". Armored Chevrolet Suburbans are also used when logistics crave such a vehicle or when a more low-profile appearance is required. For official motility, the limousine is affixed with U.S. and presidential flags and the presidential seal on the rear doors. For unofficial events, the vehicles are left sterile and unadorned.[xxx]

Field offices [edit]

Secret Service Field Offices

The Secret Service has agents assigned to 136 field offices and field agencies, and the headquarters in Washington, D.C. The service's offices are located in cities throughout the U.s. and the world. The offices in Lyon and The Hague are respectively responsible for liaison with the headquarters of Interpol and Europol, located in those cities.[76]

Misconduct [edit]

On April 14, 2012, the U.Due south. Secret Service placed 11 agents on administrative go out as the agency investigated allegations that the men brought prostitutes to their hotel rooms in Cartagena, Republic of colombia, while on assignment to protect President Obama and that a dispute ensued with one of the women over payment the following morning.[77]

After the incident was publicized, the Undercover Service implemented new rules for its personnel.[78] [79] [eighty] [81] The rules prohibit personnel from visiting "non-reputable establishments"[79] and from consuming alcohol less than ten hours before starting work. Additionally, they restrict who is allowed in hotel rooms.[79]

In 2015, two inebriated senior Surreptitious Service agents collection an official auto into the White Business firm circuitous and collided with a bulwark. One of the congressmen in the Usa House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform that investigated that incident was Jason Chaffetz. In September 2015, it was revealed that 18 Secret Service employees or supervisors, including Assistant Director Ed Lowery, accessed an unsuccessful 2003 application by Chaffetz for employment with the agency and discussed leaking the data to the media in retaliation for Chaffetz' investigations of agency misconduct. The confidential personal information was afterwards leaked to The Daily Beast. Bureau Director Joe Clancy apologized to Chaffetz and said that disciplinary action would be taken against those responsible.[82]

In March 2017, a member of Vice President Mike Pence's detail was suspended subsequently he was caught visiting a prostitute at a hotel in Maryland.[83]

Other U.S. federal law enforcement agencies [edit]

  • Federal Agency of Investigation (FBI)
  • Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
  • Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)
  • U.S. Marshals Service (USMS)
  • Clearing and Community Enforcement (ICE)
  • Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
  • Law Enforcement in the U.S. Military (DOD)

See as well [edit]

  • Bodyguard
  • Commander-in-Chief's Guard – the American Revolutionary War unit that likewise had the dual responsibilities of protecting the Commander-in-Chief and the Continental Ground forces'south money
  • List of protective service agencies
  • Secret Service codename
  • Steve Jackson Games, Inc. five. United States Underground Service
  • Title 31 of the Code of Federal Regulations

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Bibliography [edit]

  • Hammond, John Hays (1935). The Autobiography of John Hays Hammond . New York: Farrar & Rinehart. ISBN978-0-405-05913-1.
  • Harris, Charles H. 3; Sadler, Louis R. (2009). The Secret State of war in El Paso: Mexican Revolutionary Intrigue, 1906–1920. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN978-0-8263-4652-0.

Further reading [edit]

  • Emmett, Dan (2014). Within Arm's Length: A Clandestine Service Agent's Definitive Within Business relationship of Protecting the President (First ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN9781250044716.
  • Kessler, Ronald (2010). In the President's Secret Service: Behind the Scenes with Agents in the Line of Burn and the Presidents They Protect (1st paperback ed.). New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN9780307461360.
  • Kessler, Ronald (2015). The First Family Detail: Cloak-and-dagger Service Agents Reveal the Hidden Lives of the Presidents (1st paperback ed.). New York: Crown Forum. ISBN978-0804139618.
  • Roberts, Marcia (1991). Looking Back and Seeing the Future: The United States Hugger-mugger Service, 1865–1990. Clan of Former Agents of the United States Secret Service.

External links [edit]

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • United States Secret Service at the Wayback Automobile (archived March i, 2000)
  • "Protecting the U.S. President abroad", by BBC News
  • "Inside the Undercover Service"—slide show by Life
  • https://world wide web.ballisticmag.com/2019/03/19/us-vs-russia-protection-teams/

How Many Secret Service Agents For Ex Presidents,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service

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